Uncategorized / Dr Raghu

• Chest x-ray
• Electrocardiogram
• Blood tests
• Kidney function

A detailed diagnosis of the defect should be performed which includes transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiogram used to assess the size, location and the suitability of the procedure.

How should I prepare for the procedure?

• Patients wearing dentures, glasses or a hearing assist device can plan to wear them during the procedure.
• Patient will be instructed about dietary restriction to be followed before the procedure.

Are there any specific instructions about medications?

• The healthcare provider may ask you to stop certain medications, such as warfarin or other blood thinners.
• If diabetic, consult the physician about how the medication needs to be adjusted.
• Provide information about specific allergies regarding iodine, shellfish, X-ray dye, latex or rubber products etc.

What happens during the procedure?

• The patient might be asked to have a shower before the procedure.
• The patient is asked to wear a hospital gown and lie on an X-ray table where an X-ray camera will move over the chest during the procedure.
• Arrangements for intravenous administration of medications or fluids during the procedure will be made.
• The site where the catheter will be inserted is cleaned and sterile drapes were used to cover the site to prevent the infection.
• Electrodes will be placed on the chest and are attached to an electrocardiograph monitor (ECG).
• A sedative might be given to relax, and a local anesthetic is given to numb the site of catheter introduction.
• A plastic sheath will be inserted in the groin, through which a catheter is inserted and threaded to the heart.
• The physician may also inject a dye which may make you feel hot or flushed for several seconds. Inform the doctor if there is an allergic reaction like itching or tightness in throat, nausea and chest discomfort.
• The X-ray cameras are used to obtain the measurements of pressures and oxygen content in the chambers.
• The appropriate size and the location of the closure might be visualized using a small catheter connected with an ultrasound transducer.
• A special catheter is used to advance the device into the heart and through the defect.
• The device is slowly pushed out of the catheter allowing each side of the device to open and close each side of the hole in the septum.
• The proper position of the device is ensured and is released from the catheter.
• It may take 1-2 hours for the procedure, but preparations must be made to spend about 5-9 hours in the hospital.
• The patient should be accompanied by someone who can drive him home, as the patient will not be allowed to drive on the same day.

What care should be taken after the procedure?

• The catheter and the imaging probe are removed after the completion of the procedure.
• Pressure on the incision site or occasionally a small suture is used to close the vein.
• Bed rest is advised for several hours to prevent bleeding, but call the doctor if you notice any bleeding.
• You might be advised to drink plenty of water to wash out the contrast material from the body.
• Your heart rate and rhythm are monitored; you may be asked to stay overnight in the hospital.
• Medications, such as aspirin are prescribed to prevent blood clots.
• Strenuous activity and heavy lifting should be avoided for at least six months.
• Antibiotic prophylaxis is required for at least six months or lifelong to prevent endocarditis, as per doctor’s advice.